型態
在零條件句中,兩個子句都是用現在簡單式。
if 子句(條件/情況) | 主要子句(結果) |
---|---|
if + 現在簡單式 | 現在簡單式 |
If this thing happens | that thing happens. |
就如所有條件句,子句的順序並沒有硬性規定。當您要改變子句的順序時,必須重新安排代名詞的位置,以及調整標點符號,但意思基本上是一樣的。在零條件句中,由於兩個子句表達的都是事實,因此把「if」換為「when」並不會改變意思。
舉例
- If you heat ice, it melts.
- Ice melts if you heat it.
- When you heat ice, it melts.
- Ice melts when you heat it.
- If it rains, the grass gets wet.
- The grass gets wet if it rains.
- When it rains, the grass gets wet.
- The grass gets wet when it rains.
作用
零條件句是用來陳述實際的情況,一般論及真理,好比科學現象。在這些句子中,時間是指現在或任何時候,而情況是實際且可能的。
舉例
- If you freeze water, it becomes a solid.
- Plants die if they don't get enough water.
- If my husband has a cold, I usually catch it.
- If public transport is efficient, people stop using their cars.
- If you mix red and blue, you get purple.
零條件句時常被用在給予指令,在主要子句會用命令/期使句。
舉例
- If Bill phones, tell him to meet me at the cinema.
- Ask Pete if you're not sure what to do.
- If you want to come, call me before 5:00.
- Meet me here if we get separated.