英語中的數字
基數(one、two、three.. 等)是論數量的形容詞,而序數(first、second、third.. 等)則是論分配。
數字 | 基數 | 序數 |
---|---|---|
1 | one | first |
2 | two | second |
3 | three | third |
4 | four | fourth |
5 | five | fifth |
6 | six | sixth |
7 | seven | seventh |
8 | eight | eighth |
9 | nine | ninth |
10 | ten | tenth |
11 | eleven | eleventh |
12 | twelve | twelfth |
13 | thirteen | thirteenth |
14 | fourteen | fourteenth |
15 | fifteen | fifteenth |
16 | sixteen | sixteenth |
17 | seventeen | seventeenth |
18 | eighteen | eighteenth |
19 | nineteen | nineteenth |
20 | twenty | twentieth |
21 | twenty-one | twenty-first |
22 | twenty-two | twenty-second |
23 | twenty-three | twenty-third |
24 | twenty-four | twenty-fourth |
25 | twenty-five | twenty-fifth |
26 | twenty-six | twenty-sixth |
27 | twenty-seven | twenty-seventh |
28 | twenty-eight | twenty-eighth |
29 | twenty-nine | twenty-ninth |
30 | thirty | thirtieth |
31 | thirty-one | thirty-first |
40 | forty | fortieth |
50 | fifty | fiftieth |
60 | sixty | sixtieth |
70 | seventy | seventieth |
80 | eighty | eightieth |
90 | ninety | ninetieth |
100 | one hundred | hundredth |
500 | five hundred | five hundredth |
1,000 | one thousand | thousandth |
1,500 | one thousand five hundred, or fifteen hundred | one thousand five hundredth |
100,000 | one hundred thousand | hundred thousandth |
1,000,000 | one million | millionth |
舉例
- There are twenty-five people in the room.
- He was the fourteenth person to win the award.
- Six hundred thousand people were left homeless after the earthquake.
- I must have asked you twenty times to be quiet.
- He went to Israel for the third time this year.
小數的讀法
小數點的英文是「point」,先讀 point,再個別讀每個小數的數字。但金額並不是這樣的讀法。
寫法 | 讀法 |
---|---|
0.5 | point five |
0.25 | point two five |
0.73 |
point seven three |
0.05 |
point zero five |
0.6529 |
point six five two nine |
2.95 |
two point nine five |
分數的讀法
分數的讀法,是先用基數來讀出分子,再用序數來讀出分母。如果分子大於一,序數則是複數。這種讀法可以用在所有分數上,但除了數字 2,當分母為 2 時,則讀作「half」;而如果其分子大於 1,分母則變成複數「halves」。
寫法 | 讀法 |
---|---|
1/3 | one third |
3/4 | three fourths |
5/6 | five sixths |
1/2 | one half |
3/2 | three halves |
百分比的讀法
要用英語讀百分比很簡單,只要先唸數字在加上「percent」這個字即可。
寫法 | 讀法 |
---|---|
5% | five percent |
25% | twenty-five percent |
36.25% | thirty-six point two five percent |
100% | one hundred percent |
400% | four hundred percent |
金額的讀法
若要用英語唸出金額,首先要先讀整個數字,再加上貨幣的名稱即可。但如果金額帶有小數,則在唸出整數部分後,再將小數點後的數字以整數方式唸出。如果幣制在貨幣單位上另有名稱,則在最後加上那個字。
寫法 | 讀法 |
---|---|
25$ | twenty-five dollars |
52€ | fifty-two euros |
140₤ | one hundred and forty pounds |
$43.25 | forty-three dollars and twenty-five cents(在日常口語上會縮減為「forty-three twenty-five」) |
€12.66 | twelve euros sixty-six |
₤10.50 | ten pounds fifty |
測量單位的讀法
先唸出數字,再唸測量單位的名稱。通常測量單位在書寫上會用縮寫來表示。
寫法 | 讀法 |
---|---|
60m | sixty meters |
25km/h | twenty-five kilometers per hour |
11ft | eleven feet |
2L | two liters |
3tbsp | three tablespoons |
1tsp | one teaspoon |
年份的讀法
英語中的年份讀法相當複雜。一般來說,當年份有四位數時,先將前面兩位數以整數方式來唸,後面兩位數則另外以整數方式來唸。但在這個規則有少數的例外;在西元兩千年的前一百年內,即使年份也帶有四個數字,但可以用整數方式來唸,或者以一般「兩位數兩位數」的方式來唸。西元一千年則一律以整數方式來唸,否則發音會拗口。西元世紀則以一百年為單位來唸。在兩千年以前的世紀,都不會用到 thousand 這個字。
有三位數的年份可以用一般數字的方式唸出,或者先唸第一個數字,再把後面兩個數字當整數來唸。而有二位數的年份則以整數來讀。為了要確切表達您的意思,可以在任何年份前面加 the year,這種方法對二位數和三位數的年份尤其常見。 而在西元前的年份則在數字後加 BC,讀音就如字母發音一樣。
有趣的是,這些規則也運用在地址中的數字上。
寫法 | 讀法 |
---|---|
2014 | twenty fourteen or two thousand fourteen |
2008 | two thousand eight |
2000 | two thousand |
1944 | nineteen forty-four |
1908 | nineteen o eight |
1900 | nineteen hundred |
1600 | sixteen hundred |
1256 | twelve fifty-six |
1006 | ten o six |
866 | eight hundred sixty-six or eight sixty-six |
25 | twenty-five |
3000 BC | three thousand BC |
3250 BC | thirty two fifty BC |
0 的讀法
數字 0 在不同情況會有不同讀法。麻煩的是,同樣是英語系國家,但每個國家會有不同的使用情況。這些讀音運用於美式英語上。
讀音 | 使用的情況 |
---|---|
zero | 用來讀數字、讀小數、百分比、手機號碼以及某些固定用語上。 |
o (字母名稱) | 用在讀年份、地址、時間以及溫度 |
nil | 用在報導體育比賽分數 |
nought | 在美國不使用 |
舉例
寫法 | 讀法 |
---|---|
3.04+2.02=5.06 | Three point zero four plus two point zero two makes five point zero six. |
There is a 0% chance of rain. | There is a zero percent chance of rain. |
The temperature is -20⁰C. | The temperature is twenty degrees below zero. |
You can reach me at 0171 390 1062. | You can reach me at zero one seven one, three nine zero, one zero six two |
I live at 4604 Smith Street. | I live at forty-six o four Smith Street |
He became king in 1409. | He became king in fourteen o nine. |
I waited until 4:05. | I waited until four o five. |
The score was 4-0. | The score was four nil. |